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The Unearthed Bamboo Slips in Jingzhou Is of Great Value to the Archaeological Research of Chu Tombs and the Study of Ancient Documents and History
Updated: 2023-04-23 20:16:18

Experts from Jingzhou Museum published their archaeological findings of Chu and Han bamboo slips unearthed in Jingzhou in recent years at the Chu Culture Inheritance and Development Forum during the first Chu Culture Festival.

In recent years, Jingzhou Museum has carried out archaeological excavation to support the construction of urban projects, and a number of important bamboo slips have been unearthed in succession. In 2018, eight categories of bamboo slips of the Han Dynasty, totaling 4546 pieces, were unearthed in Hujiacaochang, Jingzhou, including chronological records, calendar, solstice, legal documents, medical prescriptions and miscellaneous prescriptions. In 2019, 324 pieces of Chu bamboo slips were unearthed in the cemetery on the north bank of the Longhui River, mainly were military honors and "books" of the State of Chu. In 2020, 704 pieces of Chu bamboo slips were unearthed from the Zaolinpu paper mill, including Duke Huan of Qi Returned to Qi from Ju, King Fu Chai of Wu Attacked Yue, Noble Sage, the Book of Poems, Physiognomy of Horses, totaling 9 documents in 5 categories. In 2021, more than 3,200 pieces of Chu bamboo slips were unearthed from Wangjiazui cemetery, roughly divided into three parts: Confucius Quotes, the Book of Songs and documents related to "music”.

The bamboo slips have large numbers and varieties of content, and are valuable in the archaeological research of Chu tombs, literature review and ancient history research. Among them, the Chu bamboo slips unearthed from the cemetery on the north bank of the Longhui River record the posthumous names of 12 Chu kings from King Wen to King Sheng, and military officials of Chu State such as "Great Minister of War", "Vice Minister of War", “Left Minister of War” and “Right Minister of War” can also be found, which are of great academic value for the study of the official system of Chu.

The excavation of bamboo slips provides an evidence for understanding the formulation and spread of ancient books. Among the Chu bamboo slips unearthed from the Wangjiazui cemetery, the slips titled Confucius Quotes record the words of Confucius, and part of it can be compared with the current version of Analects of Confucius. It also has similarities with the bamboo slips Confucius of the Warring States Period in Anhui University, which are classics recited by Confucian scholars in Chu State. This shows that Confucius speech had been widely spread during the Warring States period, and more than one version of Confucius quotes that compiled by Confucius disciples had been passed down in different ways in a certain range. The Chu bamboo slips unearthed from this cemetery also include the Book of Songs, the content of which is the same as the current version of Mao Shi ·Guo Feng. In addition, the Chu bamboo slips King Fu Chai of Wu Attacked Yue, unearthed from the Zaolinpu paper mill, record the war between the King Fu Chai of Wu and King Goujian of Yue, which can be compared with the Tsinghua bamboo slips the Legend of King Goujian of Yue, as well as the Guoyu·Wuyu and Guoyu·Yueyu.

These bamboo slips have imposed a great impact on the industry. The Han slips unearthed from Hujiacaochang and the Chu bamboo slips unearthed from the north bank of the Longhui River were selected as the key projects of "Archaeological China" in 2019. The Wangjiazui Chu slips were named as one of the "Six Archaeological Discoveries in 2021" in Hubei, and the Zaolinpu Chu slips were included in the "2020 China's Important Archaeological Discoveries". In order to promote the publicity and transformation of archaeological findings, Jingzhou Museum has carefully filed and interpreted the existing researches, and has successively published more than 30 papers in this field. In addition, the first volume of Jingzhou Zaolinpu Chu Bamboo Book (multi-volume) is expected to be published in next June. Chronological Records, the first volume of Hujiacaochang Han slips has been completed, and is planning for publication.

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